Longitudinal Changes in Neuroaxonal and Inflammatory CSF Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Undergoing Interferon Beta Therapy.

Biomedicines · 2025 · PMC12190630 · PMID 40564113

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.0700

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp = 0.001actually significant

Longitudinal variation in these biomarkers under IFN treatment was significant for Nf-L ( p = 0.039) and highly significant for CHI3L1 ( p = 0.001), but not for Nf-H ( p = 0.34).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Furthermore, our data suggested a trend toward increased Nf-L in patients with ongoing MRI activity, though this did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.07).

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marginal significancep = 0.07so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

This study has limitations, including the small cohort size and lack of a control group, which reduce statistical power and generalizability, increase the risk of Type II error, and may lead to overinterpretation of trends with marginal significance (e.g., p = 0.07).

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