Improvised chest tube drainage: A practical approach to thoracic emergencies in humanitarian crises.

Surg Pract Sci · 2025 · PMC12190895 · PMID 40568379

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0500

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0800

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significancep = 0.05actually significant

Tube obstruction showed strong associations with hemopneumothorax ( p = 0.01) and borderline significance with pneumothorax ( p = 0.05).

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a trend toward significancep = 0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Atelectasis was noted in 15 % ( N = 18), with a trend toward significance in older age groups ( p = 0.08).

also in 2,066 other papers

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Other complications such as tube kinking, tube site sepsis, and wrong placement did not reach statistical significance but remain important considerations for procedural refinement and safety monitoring.

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