The strongest effect was observed when the study by Tane (2024) [ 9 ] was omitted (OR: 0.6190, p = 0.0137), while the weakest effect remained highly significant when the study by Aguinagalde (2024) [ 10 ] was excluded (OR: 0.6764, p = 0.0074).
It is worth noting that excluding Soukiasian (2012) [ 3 ] resulted in a borderline significant reduction in morbidity (OR: 0.7843, p = 0.0564) with complete elimination of heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%), suggesting this study may be a source of heterogeneity.
When the analysis was restricted to studies employing matching techniques, a clearer trend toward lower locoregional recurrence in the trisegmentectomy group was observed (OR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.56–1.14), although this did not reach statistical significance. 3.2.2.