Preoperative Opioid Misuse Associations With Delayed Opioid Cessation, Pain, and Negative Affect After Spine Surgery.

Neurospine · 2025 · PMC12242735 · PMID 40625009

Europe PMC DOI

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moderately significantno p-value reported

There was a moderately significant increase in postoperative anxiety scores across both groups over time with imputation.

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