Chondrodystrophic Dogs as a Preclinical Large Animal Model of Discogenic Back Pain.

JOR Spine · 2025 · PMC12258126 · PMID 40662113

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Similarly, the VFA showed an overall decrease in paw withdrawal threshold in the postoperative time points compared to pre‐op in punctured/injury groups for the right rear (RR) and right front (RF) limbs, although this did not reach statistical significance (Figure 2B ).

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