moderately significantP = 0.636
We observed that alcohol consumption (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI = 0.96–2.44; P = 0.068) was moderately significant, while liver cirrhosis (AOR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.22–2.52; P = 0.636) and HCV infection (AOR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.11–2.05; P = 0.329) were not significantly associated with the development of CCA.