Wild <i>Vanilla</i> and pollinators at risk of spatial mismatch in a changing climate.

All Vanilla species show a decreasing trend of protected Vanilla -pollinator shared area by 2050 if no actions are taken.

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These studies demonstrate a clear trend of plant-pollinator decoupling under climate change, affecting the distribution and genetic structure of corresponding species, and potentially leading to increased isolation ( Karremans, 2024 ).

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