Encapsulated biocides in facade materials impact leaching and UV stability, resulting in lower aquatic toxicity of the eluates.

Across the entire toxicological evaluation, a clear trend emerged, where eluates with higher absolute TB concentrations exhibited greater inhibitory effects on green algae growth.

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As an overall trend, the eluates from the test facades containing non-encapsulated film preservatives exhibited higher algae toxicity levels, with LID values of 32 ± 0 and 24 ± 8 without and after irradiation, respectively, for the first half of the immersion test.

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