Subchronic Chlorpyrifos Exposure Induces Thyroid Follicular Cell Pyroptosis to Exacerbate Thyroid Toxicity by Modulating Nrf2/Keap1/NF-κB Pathway in Male Mice.

In contrast, while SOD levels showed a trend toward reduction, and MDA levels tended to increase, neither change reached statistical significance ( Figure 1D–E ), suggesting that while oxidative stress is apparent, certain oxidative markers like SOD and MDA may be less sensitive to CPF’s effects or may require longer exposure for significant alterations to manifest.

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