Barely Significant
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Validation of "Clinical Red Flags" for RA-ILD in an Italian cohort.

Front Med (Lausanne) · 2025 · PMC12307416 · PMID 40740947

Europe PMCDOI
2
hedged sentences
0.1284
closest p · 2.6× alpha
0.1284
boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.1284not close (p > 0.1)
When the three symptoms were combined, the sensitivity was 64.3%, the specificity was 53.2%, the PPV was 32.7%, and the NPV was 81%, but did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.1284).

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a trend toward significanceno p-value reported
The cough and crackles combination also demonstrated some potential diagnostic utility, however, the p -value of 0.0927 indicates a trend toward significance rather than clear-cut diagnostic relevance.

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