Effect of high, low, and asymmetric frequency subthalamic stimulation on speech and voice in Parkinson's disease: a randomized trial.

For the diadochokinetic rate (DDK rate), both Bi-HFS (3.9 ± 1.5 syllables/s) and Bi-LFS (4.0 ± 1.4 syllables/s) showed a trend toward improvement compared to the Stim-off state (3.5 ± 1.5 syllables/s; d 1 = 0.31, p 1 = 0.091; d 2 = 0.33, p 2 = 0.079), with no significant difference observed between Bi-HFS and Bi-LFS ( d = -0.12, p = 1.000) (Fig. 2 ).

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