The hidden influence: Medical students' knowledge and attitude of conflict of interest-A cross-sectional study in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

PLoS One · 2025 · PMC12316206 · PMID 40748953

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0700

closest p · 1.4× alpha

0.0700

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.070so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

While previous research experience and number of research publications did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.070 and p = 0.305, respectively), students previous research experience and higher number of publications demonstrated notably higher COI knowledge.

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a positive trendno p-value reported

Similarly, while the number of research publications was not significantly associated with higher attitude scores (p = 0.231), a positive trend was observed, with scores increasing progressively among students with more number publications.

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