Evaluating the efficacy of different doses of tocilizumab in treating critically ill COVID-19 patients: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

For increased oxygen demand (≥20% increase in FiO 2 or change to advanced respiratory support): the incidence of one, two, and three doses was 31.1% (5/16), 50.0% (16/32), and 87.5% (7/8), in that order, with the Cochran–Armitage trend test showing an increasing trend (P = 0.013).

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After adjusting for confounders in the multifactorial analysis, the first two remained non–significantly associated, but corticosteroid dose approached the level of significance (HR 1.521; 95% CI 0.996–2.322, P = 0.050).

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However, the marginal significance of the corticosteroid dose in this study (HR = 1.521, P = 0.052) also suggests the need to be alert to the potential risk of excessive immunosuppression.

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Although the p–value of the chi–square test did not reach statistical significance (HFNC: P = 0.059, Mask oxygen therapy: P = 0.052), the standardized mean difference (SMD) further supported the existence of a difference between the groups: in Mask oxygen therapy, SMD1: – 0.446, SMD2: 0.564, SMD3:0.869, in HFNC, SMD1:0.306, SMD2: −0.500, SMD3: −0.841.

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