Efficacy and safety of peripherally-restricted κ-opioid receptor agonist-HSK21542 for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.

The mean (± SD) values of SPID 0–12 h and SPID 0–24 h in HSK21542-0.5 μg/kg (−791.1 ± 1189.7 and −2,026.6 ± 2,667.5 scores × min) and HSK21542-1.0 μg/kg (−719.8 ± 1,142.6 and −1,850.8 ± 2,169.6 scores × min) groups were lower than those in the placebo group (−223.3 ± 1,544.0 and −772.9 ± 3,108.1 scores × min), but the apparent difference did not reach statistical significance (all P > 0.05; Table 4 ).

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