Effects of Ultrafine Bubble Water on Gut Microbiota Composition and Health Markers in Rats.

Nanomaterials (Basel) · 2025 · PMC12348793 · PMID 40801731

Europe PMC DOI

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did not reach statistical significancep > 0.05actually significant

While these microbial shifts did not reach statistical significance ( p > 0.05), the consistent directional patterns and substantial effect sizes align with the statistically significant changes observed in SCFA production and inflammatory markers, suggesting biologically coherent responses to UFB treatment.

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