Does Zipf's law of abbreviation shape birdsong?

PLoS Comput Biol · 2025 · PMC12349147 · PMID 40802653

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

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closest p

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boldest claim

The sentences

trending towards significanceno p-value reported

I would strongly suggest the authors do not claim that they observe “weak trends”, which here appears to mean the same thing as “trending towards significance”.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.