highly significantp < 0.001
Specifically, sin20 demonstrated significantly higher comfort scores (3.54 ± 0.88) than 0.2 Hz ( p < 0.001), and even more pronounced differences were observed in flicker sensation and preference, with both reaching highly significant levels ( p < 0.001), with scores of 3.77 ± 0.83 and 3.77 ± 0.60, respectively. saw20 performed even more impressively, achieving the highest scores across all three rating dimensions, particularly in comfort, where it reached 3.92 ± 1.12, which was also significantly higher than 0.2 Hz ( p < 0.01).