A decade of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use in Lithuania: trends in invasive pneumococcal serotype dynamics.

Front Public Health · 2025 · PMC12354657 · PMID 40823216

Europe PMC DOI

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0.0640

closest p · 1.3× alpha

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boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantp = 0.064so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Serotype 4 showed a borderline significant decrease between 2015–2017 and 2018–2020 ( p = 0.064); however, this trend was not sustained in subsequent years.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Notably, PCV20, but not PCV15, includes serotype 8, which has shown an increasing trend in IPD cases among adults in Lithuania.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Other non-vaccine serotypes, such as 23A and 35F, were detected more frequently in later years; however, most did not reach statistical significance, likely due to small case numbers or variability across years. 3.3 Invasive pneumococcal serotype distribution by age groups During the pre-vaccine period, a diverse range of serotypes caused IPD in children, with serotype 14 (22.5%) and serotypes 6A plus 6B (19.4%) being the most prevalent ( Table 2 ).

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