Evolution of hind limb morphology of Titanosauriformes (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) analyzed via 3D geometric morphometrics reveals wide-gauge posture as an exaptation for gigantism.

Elife · 2025 · PMC12356640 · PMID 40815028

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a significant trendno p-value reported

Most importantly, PC1-PC3 exhibits some of the morphological features that are classically related to wide-gauge arching morphology (e.g.) and our analyses found a significant trend toward increasingly arched hind limbs ( Tables 8 and 9 ).

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