Hemoglobin stability impact on healthcare resource utilization and costs among dialysis-dependent patients with anemia of end-stage kidney disease.

Accordingly, a mean hemoglobin level within the target range was associated with numerically lower annual costs for RBC transfusion in both newly and previously treated patients compared to patients with a mean hemoglobin level below the target range, although differences did not reach statistical significance (newly treated: mean cost difference: -$8,367; 95% CI, -$18,624–$553; p = 0.076; previously treated: -$5,029; 95% CI, -$30,315–$577; p = 0.088).

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