DNA methylation patterns associated with prior tuberculosis infection in people with HIV.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12365075 · PMID 40830169

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.3070

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

Overall, epigenetic age exceeded chronological age by a highly significant margin (paired t(29) = 9.77, p < 0.001, 95% CI 15.28–23.36).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.307not close (p > 0.1)

However, this difference did not reach statistical significance (Welch’s t(22.6) = 1.04, p = 0.307), and the effect size (Cohen’s d ≈ 0.37) indicates only a small‐to‐moderate group separation, suggesting that a larger sample may be required to confirm this trend.

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an overall trendno p-value reported

The results demonstrate an overall trend toward accelerated aging among PWH that was more pronounced in people with prior TB infection (both LTBI and active TB).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.