Association between osteoporosis and severe depressive symptoms among postmenopausal women attending tertiary outpatient clinics in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Although education level did not reach statistical significance (χ2 = 3.311, p = 0.102), women with tertiary education had a much higher rate of depression (85.9%) compared to those with lower education (37.1%), yielding an OR of 9.99 [95% CI: 6.52–15.29], suggesting a potentially important trend warranting further investigation.

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