When analyzing the results shown in Table 2 , values close to significance were observed for ROI 5, with a very large effect size ( p < 0.1; R2: 16.5%), suggesting a strong indication of a relationship between these factors.
However, in the present investigation, a slight difference was observed in ROI 5, where patients older than 10 years exhibited higher bone mineral density, which can also be attributed to development during growth, although it did not reach statistical significance.
Only the left ROI 3 and ROI 5 exhibited moderate effect sizes (4.3% and 4.9%), which may suggest a potential relationship that failed to reach significance due to insufficient sample size.
In the case of trabecular bone at the interradicular level (ROI 5), the data obtained were very close to statistical significance, with a high effect size, indicating a strong suggestion of a relationship.