An Ex Vivo Intervertebral Disc Slice Culture Model for Studying Disc Degeneration and Immune Cell Interactions.

On day 5, the mRNA expression levels of collagen II ( col2α1 ) and aggrecan ( acan ) were increased 7.5 ± 3.3 and 1.0 ± 0.39 folds compared to those in fresh tissues, respectively, but did not reach statistical significance ( p > 0.05) ( Figure 4 a,b).

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Safranin-O/Fast Green staining showed a decreasing trend of proteoglycan content in the AF (orange to red color) ( Figure 2 b), corroborating histological scoring [ 8 , 27 , 33 ] on day 5; however, these changes remain statistically insignificant ( p > 0.05) ( Figure 2 d).

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