Opposite Interactive Effects of Heat Wave and Cold Spell with Fine Particulate Matter on Pneumonia Mortality.

Toxics · 2025 · PMC12390074 · PMID 40863978

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Conversely, a nationwide case-crossover study in China demonstrated a stronger association in cold season (2.71% for viral pneumonia and 2.33% for bacterial pneumonia), though the effect modification by season did not reach statistical significance [ 13 ].

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