Enhanced separation of oil in water emulsions using PVDF composite membranes reinforced with graphene oxide doped titania and silica nanoparticles.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12405468 · PMID 40897719

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a clear trendno p-value reported

8 , indicate a clear trend of enhanced oil rejection efficiency with increasing nanofiller loading.

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

As shown in Table 2 , the pure water flux of the membrane shows a decreasing trend with increasing nanofiller concentration.

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