Smoking Aggravates Inflammation, Fibrogenesis, Angiogenesis and Cancer Risk in Patients With Cirrhosis.

Accordingly, in the univariable competing risk regression model (Table S2 , Figure 1A ), ever‐smokers showed a nonsignificant trend toward a higher risk of de novo HCC when compared to never‐smokers (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR]: 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75–6.89; p = 0.150).

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While we observed a numerical increase in HCC incidence among ever‐smokers compared to never‐smokers, this association did not reach statistical significance in our cohort.

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