Clinical and Esthetic Outcomes of Anodized Titanium Abutments: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Despite this trend, the differences did not reach statistical significance, and the overall variation remained within clinically acceptable limits. 8 , 19 These findings suggest that while anodized abutments may exhibit favorable biological surface characteristics in vitro (eg, fibroblast adhesion and lower bacterial load), such advantages do not consistently translate into reduced plaque retention or improved gingival inflammation markers in vivo.

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