Optimizing Cardiovascular Outcomes With Bisoprolol: An Evidence-Based Perspective.

The initial Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS) evaluated 641 patients with HFrEF, and bisoprolol was associated with 20% relative risk reduction in mortality compared to placebo (relative risk 0.80, CI: 0.56, 1.15; p=0.22); however the result did not reach statistical significance largely due to being underpowered, with a small sample size and lower-than-expected event rates.

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