Global Spatiotemporal Trends and Modifiable Risk Factors for Female Infertility: An Age-Period-Cohort Using Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Int J Womens Health · 2025 · PMC12419219 · PMID 40933848

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In contrast, the mediation effect of HbA1c in the OHR-infertility pathway did not reach statistical significance, providing insufficient evidence to support this model ( Supplementary Table S12 and Figure S2 in Supplementary Material).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Results Globally, the ASPR of female infertility exhibited an increasing trend over the study period.

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