The Associations of Tobacco, Alcohol, and Coffee Consumption with Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Disease Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

The results of the sensitivity analysis were consistent, indicating that rs1229984 may have a potential association with esophageal cancer (meta-analysis OR, 8.90; p=0.050) and chronic gastritis (meta-analysis OR, 2.71; p=0.164), although the latter did not reach statistical significance ( Supplementary Table 8 ). 3.

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