Undiagnosed Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect Presenting as Congestive Heart Failure in an Elderly Woman.

JACC Case Rep · 2025 · PMC12441397 · PMID 40615207

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a clear trendno p-value reported

2 The data from various studies indicate a clear trend that muscular VSDs have a significantly higher rate of spontaneous closure compared with perimembranous or membranous VSDs.

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