Mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency is associated with an impaired skeletal muscle regenerative response and fibrosis in older men with HIV.

This effect reached statistical significance for CIV ( p = 0.001) and was marginally significant for CI ( p = 0.05).

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When stratifying these results based on how men with HIV were characterised for frailty and sarcopenia, we found that men with both HIV and frailty had numerically higher levels of CI and CIV deficiency compared to men with HIV and either pre-frailty or without frailty, but this effect did not reach statistical significance, and was not seen for sarcopenia (Fig. 1D ).

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