Mendelian randomization analysis reveals no causal association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for lipid metabolomics and shared pathophysiological mechanisms.

Discov Oncol · 2025 · PMC12480189 · PMID 41021099

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failed to reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

All analytical results failed to reach statistical significance, suggesting that hepatocellular carcinoma does not exert significant causal effects on these lipid metabolism-related biomarkers(Fig. 4 ).

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marginal significanceno p-value reported

Only a few phospholipid compounds showed marginal significance in NAFLD analysis.

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