Both CBD and GGT cases showed a trend towards elevated levels of all complement analytes compared to controls, but these were not significant with the exception of FI and Ba in CBD cases (FI, one‐way ANOVA; mean Cont: 0.118, CBD: 0.173, p = 0.0457; Ba, one‐way ANOVA; mean Cont: 0.184, CBD: 1.350, p = 0.035) (Figure 5, E, F ), and C3b/iC3b in GGT cases (one‐way ANOVA; mean Cont: 0.0044, GGT:0.0063, p = 0.0296).
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The percentage area coverage of C1q staining was >2‐fold higher in all disease groups compared to controls, reaching significance for CBD (Mann–Whitney; mean Cont = 0.26%, CBD = 0.51%, p = 0.0079) and GGT cases (Mann–Whitney; mean Cont = 0.26%, GGT = 0.58%, p = 0.0317) but failed to reach significance in PiD cases (Figure 3A–D, M ).