Application of the flipped classroom combined with BOPPPS model in standardized residency training for gastrointestinal surgery‌.

BMC Med Educ · 2025 · PMC12512716 · PMID 41068811

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In the teacher-completed questionnaires, certain trends favoring the experimental group were observed, although these differences did not reach statistical significance.

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