Small extracellular vesicles produced from canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate diabetes mellitus in streptozotocin-induced mice via β-cell revitalization.

While no significant improvements in early-phase glucose levels (15- and 30-minutes post-injection) were observed, the double-dose group showed a trend toward enhanced glucose removal at 120 min, suggesting strengthened late-phase insulin activity and sustained peripheral glucose utilization.

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