Retrotransposon Expression Is Upregulated in Adulthood and Suppressed during Regeneration of the Limb in the Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).

Limitations of the Study Even though we have shown that REs exhibit a clear trend of upregulation as an effect of chronological aging in the axolotl, further transcriptomic studies with specimens of more precise age groups (e.g., one group per year of age) could provide the means to define if RE transcript levels are a good marker of biological age in A. mexicanum , [ 18 ] as well as to reveal the intermediate dynamics and physiological effects of RE expression through adulthood.

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The subadult blastema showed a few significantly differentially expressed RE subfamilies (DEREs), i.e., 3–4 downregulated and 1–9 upregulated, with an apparent trend of RE downregulation ( Figure 2 A,B and S3C (Supporting Information)).

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