Comparison of the accuracy of intraoral scanners, intraoral cameras, radiographs, and histological methods for the diagnosis of dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lesion location The Welch ANOVA results reveal highly significant differences in both SE ( F = 5.02, p < 0.001) and SP ( F = 3.37, p < 0.001) across IOCs, IOSs, radiography, and visual methods, indicating that the diagnostic performance of these tools varies significantly depending on the lesion type and diagnostic metrics.

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The near-significant trend between visual methods and IOCs may suggest a marginal advantage in SE for IOCs, potentially reflecting improved surface-level visualization due to digital magnification or real-time imaging.

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