Cultivating physical literacy and prosocial behavior through basketball: a quasi-experimental study on the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model.

BMC Public Health · 2025 · PMC12522999 · PMID 41094690

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Although improvements in the motivation subdimension did not reach statistical significance, the EG exhibited positive trends post-intervention, supporting the view that the TPSR model may be more effective than traditional teaching in enhancing students’ intrinsic motivation.

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