Total Cholesterol and Mortality in Older Adults: A Sex-Stratified Cohort Study.

Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis showed a threshold in the relationship between continuous TC levels and mortality risk ( Figure 3 , left panel): mortality risk increased sharply at low TC levels (<200 mg/dL), but beyond this threshold, the association remained, relatively stable across intermediate and high TC levels (~220 mg/dL and above); however, the formal Wald test for non-linearity did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.094).

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Importantly, the potential for sex-specific differences in the association between TC and mortality remains underexplored, although some evidence suggests that these differences may be significant.

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