a trend toward significancep = 0.076
showed a trendp = 0.076
In the multivariate analysis, statistical significance remained for IGF-1 (p = 0.043), while the other hormones showed a trend toward significance but with borderline p-values: PTH (p = 0.076), DHEA-S (p = 0.050), and cortisol (p = 0.062).