an unfavorable trendp = 0.0031
As shown in Supplementary Figure 2 , high scores for cluster_2 and cluster_3 were significantly associated with poorer survival outcomes (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively), while cluster_0 also demonstrated an unfavorable trend (p = 0.0031), highlighting their potential prognostic relevance. 3.4 Reconstruction of malignant epithelial cell differentiation trajectory To further investigate the transcriptional heterogeneity and differentiation dynamics of malignant epithelial cells, a pseudotime trajectory analysis was conducted.