Vitamin B12 Deficiency Associated with Metformin and Proton Pump Inhibitors and Their Combinations: Results from a Disproportionality and Interaction Analysis.

Diseases · 2025 · PMC12562576 · PMID 41149068

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Second, while combination therapies, particularly with pantoprazole, omeprazole, esomeprazole, and rabeprazole, demonstrated positive safety signals, the interaction analysis did not reach statistical significance.

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