The Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Pulmonary Artery Pressures and Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.

At rest, pooled analysis of three studies [ 13 – 15 ] ( Figure 2 ) demonstrated a modest but borderline significant reduction in mPAP with SGLT2i (MD = −1.41 mmHg; 95% CI: −2.80 to −0.01; p = 0.05).

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EMPA, in Omar et al.'s [ 14 ] study, showed a marginally significant reduction in mPAP during exercise (−2.37 mmHg, p = 0.056), suggesting a trend toward improvement.

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[ 13 ], the patients underwent exercise to volitional exhaustion, and values were measured via echocardiography; DAPA caused a substantial decrease in mPAP compared to placebo during exercise (−5.9 mmHg, p = 0.02), with a comparable reduction in PASP (−5.3 mmHg); however, the latter did not reach statistical significance.

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