Effects of exercise interventions on hand-eye coordination and fine motor skills in children with developmental coordination disorder: a meta-analysis.

Front Physiol · 2025 · PMC12575161 · PMID 41178982

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.2110

closest p · 4.2× alpha

0.2110

boldest claim

The sentences

a marginal trendp = 0.211not close (p > 0.1)

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The results revealed a marginal trend for training weeks (β = −0.074, SE = 0.059, z = −1.251, p = 0.211, 95% CI: −0.190, 0.042), suggesting a slight decreasing trend in intervention effects with increasing training duration, though this did not reach statistical significance.

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failed to reach significanceno p-value reported

Some studies show significant and lasting improvements in overall motor ability, hand dexterity, and visual tracking; however, other studies found that improvements in core issues like hand-eye coordination and fine motor skills failed to reach significance.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.