Flexible suction ureteral access sheaths vs. sheathless RIRS for renal and proximal ureteral stones: a comparative study.

In the subgroup analysis by stone location (Table 3 ), the FANS group consistently showed numerically higher immediate SFRs across all anatomical sites compared to controls, though these differences did not reach statistical significance in individual subgroups: renal pelvis (85.7% vs. 71.4%, P = 0.62), proximal ureter (85.0% vs. 72.7%, P = 0.42), and lower calyx (87.5% vs. 75.0%, P = 0.58).

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