nominally significantP < 0.05
To avoid complex causality relationships, we excluded the results that showed a nominally significant MR estimate in the other direction ( P < 0.05).
To avoid complex causality relationships, we excluded the results that showed a nominally significant MR estimate in the other direction ( P < 0.05).
aureus -induced IL-6 pooled to r = −0.136 (95% CI [−0.185, −0.086], P = 9.96e-8) under the fixed-effect model and r = −0.129 (95% CI [−0.242, −0.013], P = 0.0293) under the random-effects model, indicating that SM consistently suppresses IL-6 secretion in all cohorts with a highly significant negative effect (Appendix Fig.