Unraveling the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Youth Sports and Physical Activity: Insights From a Retrospective Cohort Study in Italy.

Int J Pediatr · 2025 · PMC12615031 · PMID 41244635

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0010

closest p · 0.0× alpha

0.1200

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

Participation rose to 76.7% (95% CI: 70.4%–82.0%), a change that was highly significant ( p < 0.001, Cohen's h = 0.85).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.12not close (p > 0.1)

However, this change did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.12, Cohen's d = 0.20).

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