B lymphocytes and tertiary lymphoid structures have a prognostic impact on penile squamous cell carcinoma.

J Pathol Clin Res · 2025 · PMC12616500 · PMID 41235705

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0840

closest p · 1.7× alpha

0.0840

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.084so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In the multivariate analysis adjusted for the T‐cell immunoscore, a B‐IS 2–4 was associated with a trend towards improved OS, although this difference did not reach statistical significance (HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.40–1.06; p = 0.084).

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did not achieve significanceno p-value reported

Although these associations did not achieve significance at the conventional statistical threshold, the effect sizes and CIs suggest a potentially meaningful biological relationship, which warrants further investigation.

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